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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

“大漠天鹰”飞出胜战新航迹******

　　隆冬时节，西北大漠。西部战区空军某基地所属无人机团的一架无人机结束训练准备返航时，突然接到上级“前出查证不明空情”命令。数百公里外的地面站，飞行员和保障人员按照预案迅速进入方舱，接管无人机操控，并将实时画面传回上级指挥所。这一幕训战快速转换的场景，让正在该团采访的记者感受到浓浓的战味。

　　该团领导告诉记者，作为新质作战力量，他们充分发挥无人机在空时间长、飞行油耗低、通联能力强等特点，不断提高人装结合效能，着力将机型优势转化为胜战优势。

　　保障方舱内，记者见到刚结束飞行训练的该团大队长马龙。今年是他改飞无人机的第十年。为实现从“能飞”到“能战”的跨越，十年来，他和战友操控无人机飞越沙漠戈壁、雪山海岛，为打造“临机召唤，召唤即打击”的“大漠天鹰”一路换羽高飞。在一次次跨战区、跨军种的联演联训中，他和战友感到肩上的担子更重了：“以往，我们只在演习初期执行一些侦察任务。如今，无人机往往最早起飞、最晚降落，在高强度对抗中担负越来越重的任务。”

　　那次与某特战旅进行联合演练，该团无人机盘旋高空，将信息数据传递到地面单兵数字终端，帮助渗透作战的特战队员规划路线、实时预警，并随时准备提供空中火力支援。

　　与航空兵某旅开展协同突防突击演练时，该团无人机先期投入战场标定目标位置，提高侦察效率。友军战机发射制导弹药快速返航后，无人机抵近评估毁伤效果，并对残余目标进行补充打击。

　　在多兵种立体攻防演练时，该团无人机组成空中突击队，以最小代价探明“敌”防御漏洞、消耗“敌”防空火力，精准打击高价值目标……

　　面对演训场上取得的一次次进步，这支新质作战力量的官兵没有丝毫自满。记者在该团“军情研究室”看到，参谋长正在研究如何通过与友邻单位密切协同，提高链路抗干扰能力。“要以新质作战力量‘点’的突破，带动整个作战体系打赢能力的提高。”他告诉记者，未来战场，无人作战力量只有在体系支撑下才能释放最大作战效能。为此，他们将无人机纳入基地常态化体系训练，在与异型机及地面部队对抗演练中锤炼实战能力。

　　“党的二十大报告指出，‘加快无人智能作战力量发展’。”该团领导说，随着无人机应用日渐广泛，只有更加积极主动谋战研战，探索创新作战理念、训练模式，才能更好担负起新时代赋予的使命任务。

　　记者采访过程中，远处机场不时传来阵阵无人机引擎的轰鸣声。十年潜心砺翅，利剑扬威沙场。这支新质作战力量乘风奋飞，必将在无人作战领域飞出崭新胜战航迹。(解放军报 记者 马嘉隆 通讯员 葛乐晨 柯长江)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）